Arab Emirates which country is called? - What does the United Arab Emirates mean?

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What is the United Arab Emirates? A Comprehensive Guide

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) stands as a unique fusion of tradition and modernity, rapidly emerging as a global hub of commerce, tourism, and culture. From the architectural marvels of Dubai to the serene landscapes of its deserts, the UAE offers a kaleidoscope of experiences that defy its arid geography. Its strategic location at the crossroads of East and West has positioned the United Arab Emirates as an important player on the international stage, making understanding its intricacies and offerings more relevant than ever. As home to united arab emirates dubai, a city synonymous with towering skyscrapers and luxurious lifestyles, the nation exemplifies how innovation and tradition can coexist harmoniously.

This comprehensive guide will navigate through the rich tapestry that is the UAE, beginning with the foundation laid by its history before exploring the geographical and climatic diversity that shapes its identity. It will delve into the governance and political structure that guides its progress, alongside an analysis of the economic prowess that defines its status on the global stage. Insights into the demographics of the UAE will shed light on the diverse population that calls it home, while the vibrant culture and society segment will explore the traditions and modern influences that blend seamlessly in everyday life. The guide will also highlight the significance of major cities beyond united arab emirates dubai, offering a glimpse into the variety and richness each holds. From historical depth to modern achievements, the United Arab Emirates division 1 in innovation and luxury, this guide aims to provide a thorough understanding of the multifaceted nature of the UAE.

History of the Arab Emirates

Antiquity

The history of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is deeply rooted in ancient civilizations. Archaeological excavations indicate that human habitation, transmigration, and trade in the region date back over 125,000 years. Notably, the area was known to the Sumerians as Magan, a region that engaged in significant trade with coastal towns and had connections with bronze miners and smelters from the interior. During the Iron Ages and the subsequent Hellenistic period, the region served as a crucial coastal trading hub.

Islam

The arrival of envoys from the Islamic prophet Muhammad in 632 marked the beginning of the region's conversion to Islam. This pivotal event was followed by one of the Ridda Wars' major battles at Dibba, resulting in the triumph of Islam in the Arabian Peninsula. The region continued to flourish under Islamic rule, with Julfar emerging as a wealthy port and pearling center, influencing trade throughout the Indian Ocean.

Portuguese Era

The Portuguese era began with Vasco da Gama's arrival in the Indian Ocean in 1498, leading to the establishment of Portuguese hegemony in the region. They captured strategic locations such as Hormuz and various ports along the northern emirates, including Julfar (present-day Ras Al Khaimah), to control the lucrative spice trade and assert their maritime power. Despite resistance, the Portuguese maintained control until the rise of the Ya'arabi movement in Oman, which eventually expelled them in the 17th century.

British Era and Discovery of Oil

The British influence in the region began in the 19th century, primarily to protect their trade routes to India. This period saw the signing of various treaties with local sheikhdoms, collectively known as the Trucial States. The discovery of oil in the 20th century transformed the region economically and politically. Abu Dhabi's oil discovery in the 1960s prompted the British to withdraw and led to calls for unification among the sheikhdoms.

Independence

On December 2, 1971, the Trucial States united to form the United Arab Emirates. This union was a strategic response to the withdrawal of British protection and the need for a consolidated front amidst regional uncertainties . The federation was formed just as Iran occupied strategic islands in the Persian Gulf, adding to the urgency for unity .

Post-Independance Period

Following independence, the UAE rapidly transformed into a modern state with a diversified economy. It has become a significant player on the global stage, recognized as a middle power capable of influencing regional and international events. The country's leadership has continued to drive its vision for a stable and prosperous future, leveraging its economic success to establish a broad network of global partnerships.

Geography and Climate

Location and Borders

The United Arab Emirates is strategically positioned in Western Asia on the Arabian Peninsula, bordered by Saudi Arabia to the west and south, and Oman to the east and northeast. It lies between latitudes 22.0° and 26.5° N, and longitudes 51° and 56.5° E, covering an area of approximately 83,600 square kilometers. The nation is a federation comprising seven emirates: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Umm al-Quwain, Ajman, Ras Al Khaimah, and Fujairah. The UAE's coastline stretches over 650 km along the southern shore of the Persian Gulf and is known for its strategic location near the northern approaches to the Strait of Hormuz, a crucial transit point for global oil.

Biodiversity

The UAE's commitment to biodiversity is evident through extensive conservation efforts. These include legislation, the expansion of protected areas, and initiatives aimed at protecting and reintroducing endangered species. The diverse ecosystems range from desert environments, which support various plant species adapted to harsh conditions, to mountain and marine environments that provide crucial habitats for a wide range of flora and fauna. The country's biodiversity efforts are aligned with its National Biodiversity Strategy, combating desertification and promoting sustainability in marine and coastal environments.

Climate

Government and Politics

The United Arab Emirates is characterized as an authoritarian federal monarchy, where power is predominantly held by the ruling families of its constituent emirates. The nation is governed by a Federal Supreme Council, which includes the rulers of Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Fujairah, Sharjah, Dubai, Ras al-Khaimah, and Umm al-Quwain. This council is the highest federal authority and is responsible for general policy matters, sanctioning federal legislation, and overseeing the federation's developmental strategies.

Government Structure

The UAE's political system integrates traditional monarchic elements with a modern governmental framework. The Federal Supreme Council elects the President and Vice President of the UAE, typically held by the rulers of Abu Dhabi and Dubai, respectively. This council also appoints the Prime Minister, who presides over a Council of Ministers. The legislative branch is represented by the Federal National Council (FNC), an advisory body with half of its members elected by an electoral college and the other half appointed by the emirate rulers.

Administrative Divisions

The UAE comprises seven emirates, each governed by its own monarch. Among these, Abu Dhabi and Dubai are the most prominent, housing the majority of the UAE's population and holding significant political and economic influence. Each emirate retains considerable autonomy, particularly in matters not assigned to the federal government. This structure allows for a unique blend of centralized and decentralized governance, reflecting the diverse needs and capabilities of each emirate.

Law and Human Rights

Despite its modern facade, the UAE has been critiqued for its human rights record, particularly concerning freedom of speech and political reform. The nation has no formal commitments to democratic principles such as free elections or freedom of expression. Human rights organizations have reported instances of systemic violations, including the suppression of political dissent through imprisonment and alleged torture. The judiciary, while officially independent, is under the significant influence of the executive branch, which affects its impartiality in matters involving state security and the ruling families.
In response to international criticism, the UAE has made efforts to improve its human rights record by establishing the National Human Rights Authority and ratifying international conventions aimed at protecting various societal groups. These measures are part of a broader strategy to enhance the UAE's global image and attract international business and tourism.

Economic Overview

Oil and Natural Gas

The United Arab Emirates ranks among the top ten oil producers globally, with significant reserves primarily located in Abu Dhabi, which holds about 96% of the country's approximately 100 billion barrels of proven oil reserves. The nation produces an average of 3.2 million barrels of petroleum and liquids daily, with plans by the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) to increase this capacity to 5 million barrels per day by 2030. Additionally, the UAE is recognized for its substantial natural gas reserves, ranked seventh globally, with recent discoveries further bolstering this status.
ADNOC, a central figure in the UAE's oil and gas sector, is not only expanding its production capabilities but also focusing on sustainability. The company has set ambitious targets to reduce its carbon footprint, including a new upstream methane intensity target of 0.15% by 2025, which positions it as a leader in the Middle East for environmental responsibility in the oil sector.

Tourism and Business

Business-wise, the UAE maintains a highly favorable environment for investors, characterized by tax-free zones and robust government support for entrepreneurship. This openness to business and trade has roots in the region's history and continues to drive the country's economic growth, with the tourism industry alone providing numerous opportunities for investment and development.

Diversification Efforts

In response to the finite nature of oil reserves, the UAE has embarked on extensive diversification efforts to transform its economy. Initiatives such as the Abu Dhabi Economic Vision 2030 and Dubai Strategic Plan 2015 aim to reduce reliance on oil by investing in non-oil sectors like renewable energy, technology, and tourism. These efforts are supported by policies that encourage innovation, private sector participation, and international trade.

Significant investments in infrastructure, such as the development of the Ruwais Derivatives Park, are central to these diversification plans. This project alone, with an estimated cost of over $5 billion for its first phase, highlights the scale of the UAE's ambition to expand its industrial base beyond traditional oil and gas sectors.

The UAE's approach to economic diversification has shown considerable success, contributing to a more balanced and resilient economy. This strategy not only enhances the country's economic stability but also positions it as a forward-thinking nation committed to sustainable development and innovation.

Demographics of the UAE

Population Distribution

The United Arab Emirates has seen a significant increase in population, primarily due to its economic expansion. As of the latest figures, the expatriate population stands at 9.06 million, which is significantly larger than the Emirati population of 1.18 million, making up approximately 88.50% of the total population. The population is predominantly urban, with 87.90% residing in cities. The distribution across the Emirates varies, with Dubai housing 3,699,217 individuals, Sharjah with 1,872,000, and Abu Dhabi with 1,593,000 residents. Other Emirates like Ajman, Ras al-Khaimah, Al Fujayrah, and Umm al Qaywayn have smaller populations, contributing to the diverse demographic landscape of the UAE.

Languages Spoken

While Arabic is the official language of the UAE, the country's linguistic landscape reflects its multicultural population. English serves as a lingua franca and is the main medium of instruction. Other languages widely spoken due to the diverse expatriate community include Hindi, Malayalam, Urdu, and Tagalog. Significant numbers also speak other South Asian languages such as Bengali, Punjabi, and Nepali, as well as Persian, Mandarin, and Russian, reflecting the varied origins of the UAE's residents.

Religions Practiced

Islam is the predominant and official religion, with 74.5% of the population adhering to the faith, including 63.3% Sunni and 6.7% Shia Muslims 58. Other religious groups include Christians (12.9%), Hindus (6.2%), and Buddhists (3.2%). The UAE also hosts smaller communities of Zoroastrians, Druze, Baha'i, and Sikhs. Despite the dominance of Islam, the presence of multiple religions illustrates the UAE's role as a crossroads of diverse cultures and beliefs.

Culture and Society

Traditions and Customs

The United Arab Emirates is renowned for its deep-rooted traditions that reflect the values of hospitality and generosity, particularly evident in the practice of communal eating and the customary serving of coffee and tea to guests. Hospitality is central to Emirati culture, with offering Arabic coffee, or gahwa, seen as a symbol of welcome. This aromatic coffee is often accompanied by dates and served in a specific ceremonial manner, emphasizing respect and community. Traditional Emirati attire also holds significance, with men typically wearing a kandura and women an abaya, complemented by accessories like the ghuṭrah or shayla for head covering.

Culinary practices are equally reflective of the UAE's cultural heritage. The diet includes a variety of dishes that are influenced by Arabian, Persian, and South Asian cuisines, with spices like saffron and cardamom being particularly prominent. Dishes such as makbūs and shawarma are staples, showcasing the rich flavors that characterize Emirati cuisine.

Modern Influences

While tradition forms the core of Emirati culture, the UAE has embraced modern influences that have integrated seamlessly with local customs. This blend of old and new is visible in the widespread consumption of modern music and fashion alongside traditional forms. Events and festivals, too, have evolved to include both global and local elements, attracting a diverse audience. The UAE's art scene represents this fusion well, with traditional crafts like sadu weaving coexisting with contemporary art forms. Galleries and cultural hubs in areas such as Alserkal Avenue and the Dubai Design District highlight this modern artistic expression, where local and international artists display their work.

Cultural Institutions

The UAE places great importance on cultural institutions as a means of preserving and promoting its heritage. Museums such as the Louvre Abu Dhabi and the Dubai Museum play a pivotal role in this, offering insights into both the historical and contemporary aspects of Emirati life. These institutions are not only tourist attractions but also educational spaces that help foster an appreciation for the UAE's cultural depth.

Furthermore, the construction of new cultural landmarks like the Abrahamic Family House, which will house a mosque, church, and synagogue, underscores the UAE's commitment to fostering a multicultural and inclusive society. This initiative is particularly reflective of the UAE's modern approach to tolerance and cultural interaction.

These elements together illustrate the dynamic and evolving nature of culture and society in the United Arab Emirates, highlighting a unique blend of tradition and modernity that defines the nation's identity on the global stage.

Significant Cities

Abu Dhabi

Abu Dhabi, the capital of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, stands as the second most populous city in the United Arab Emirates. Positioned on a T-shaped island extending into the Persian Gulf, it is not only a political and cultural hub but also a central economic powerhouse, contributing nearly two-thirds to the UAE's economy. Home to the federal government offices and the Abu Dhabi Emiri Family, the city's landscape is marked by a blend of modern metropolis features and vibrant cultural sites. Abu Dhabi's economic strategies are notably diversified, with significant investments in sectors like tourism, which complement its oil revenue.

Dubai

Dubai, known as the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates, serves as the capital of the Emirate of Dubai. This city, established as a small fishing village in the early 18th century, has transformed into a global icon of modernity and luxury, home to the tallest building in the world, the Burj Khalifa, and a plethora of five-star hotels. Dubai's economy thrives on a diverse mix of tourism, real estate, aviation, and financial services, with its historical roots in trade and oil playing a foundational role in its development. The city's commitment to maintaining a low crime rate and high safety standards has made it an attractive destination for international visitors and business investors alike.

Other Key Cities

Sharjah, the third largest city in the UAE, is recognized for contributing 7.4% to the nation's GDP and is a significant cultural and industrial center. The city is known for its strict alcohol ban and its designation as a WHO healthy city, making it unique among the Emirates.

Al Ain, located in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, is celebrated for its greenery and is dubbed the "Green City." It is an emerging tourist destination, rich in history and home to several museums and archaeological sites.

Ajman, the capital of the Emirate of Ajman, houses over 90% of the emirate's population and is rapidly developing as a key tourist spot in the region. The city's strategic initiatives are geared towards enhancing its appeal as a destination for cultural and commercial activities.

These cities, each with their distinct characteristics, play crucial roles in the socio-economic framework of the United Arab Emirates, driving forward the nation's agenda of growth and diversification.

Conclusion

Through this exploration of the United Arab Emirates, we have journeyed across its multifaceted landscape, from the ancient sands of its deserts to the gleaming facades of its modern cities. The guide has charted the UAE's evolution from a series of trade routes and pearling towns to a global nexus of commerce, culture, and innovation. By weaving through the threads of history, governance, geography, economy, and societal norms, it underscored the unique coalescence of tradition and modernity that the UAE embodies. This comprehensive overview affirms the nation's pivotal role on the world stage, driven by its strategic vision and relentless pursuit of growth and cultural richness.

The UAE's forward-looking approach, particularly in economic diversification and cultural integration, highlights a model of development that balances heritage with a keen eye towards the future. As we conclude this guide, it's clear that the United Arab Emirates’ narrative is not just of transformation but also of vision, resilience, and inclusivity. The nation’s story, marked by ambitious endeavors and a welcoming spirit, invites further exploration and engagement, promising a dynamic future. As the UAE continues to shape its path, it remains a vivid testament to what can be achieved when tradition harmonizes with innovation, offering valuable insights for countries and cultures worldwide.

FAQs

1. What is the United Arab Emirates? The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a country located in the southeastern part of the Arabian Peninsula, bordered by Oman and Saudi Arabia. It was established as a federation in December 1971, initially comprising six emirates: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al-Quwain, and Fujairah. The seventh emirate, Ras Al Khaimah, joined the federation in 1972.

2. Why is the UAE considered significant? Despite its relatively small size, comparable to the State of Maine in the USA, the UAE plays a significant role in both regional and global affairs. Its strategic geographic position in the Arabian Gulf places it within an eight-hour flight from two-thirds of the world’s population, making it a pivotal gateway that links the East and West.

3. What are the UAE's most famous attributes? The UAE is internationally renowned for its major cities, Dubai and Abu Dhabi. Dubai attracts millions of tourists annually and is a regional commercial hub noted for its advanced architecture, including the world’s tallest building, the Burj Khalifa.

4. What are the prohibitions in the UAE? The UAE strictly prohibits the import, possession, and use of all narcotic drugs such as hashish, cocaine, heroin, poppy seeds, and hallucination pills. Additionally, it bans goods from countries it has boycotted, as well as crude ivory, rhinoceros horn, and gambling-related tools and machinery.